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Sarah's Social Studies Master

6th Grade • First Term Official Examination

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UNIT 1 • ORIGINS

The First Constitution

Tap to reveal date, location, assembly leaders, and key drafters.

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ANSWER & DETAILS

August 14, 1830

Held in Riobamba at the Convento del Santísimo Rosario with 20 delegates. President: José Fernández Salvador. Vice-President: José Joaquín de Olmedo. Primary Drafters: Manuel Matheu and Vicente Ramón Roca. Legalized the birth of Ecuador.

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⚔️ Regionalism Sorting Battle: Coast vs. Highlands

Click on any chip below, then click on the correct regional drop zone to sort it.

Cards to Classify (Select a card, then choose its region):
🌴 Coastal Region (Guayaquil)
🏔️ Highland Region (Quito)

🔺 Social Classes Pyramid of the Early Republic

Explore the four social tiers. Click on each tier to learn about their roles, privileges, and conditions.

1. CRIOLLOS (Apex / Top)
2. MESTIZOS (Middle Working Layer)
3. INDIGENOUS PEOPLES (Oppressed Labor Base)
4. AFRO-DESCENDANTS (Base Layer)

Select a social tier above

Click on Criollos, Mestizos, Indigenous peoples, or Afro-descendants to review notebook key concepts.

Question 1 of 20 Unit 1

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🏛️ 1. The Three Initial Departments (1830)
Department Center / Hub Economic & Social Base
Quito Quito (Capital) Seat of government. Power and influence based on extensive land ownership (haciendas).
Guayas Guayaquil (Main Port) Thrived with rapid commercial growth driven by cocoa exports (cacao boom).
Azuay Cuenca Small agricultural estates and skilled artisans.
⛓️ 2. Exploitation Systems (Huasipungo vs. Concertaje)
System Definition & Origin Mechanism of Exploitation
Huasipungo Kichwa word: huasi = house + pungo = door. A small plot of land within a hacienda. The indigenous family lived and farmed on the plot, but had to work for the landowner WITHOUT ANY SALARY. Continued until the 1960s.
Concertaje Feudal labor system in haciendas based on loans. Extremely low wages forced workers to ask for loans; debts were inherited by children, creating perpetual servitude.
👑 3. Major 19th Century Presidents
President Period Historical Impact
Juan José Flores 1830–1835 / 1839–1845 First president of Ecuador; born in Venezuela. Favored the military elite and conservative landowners.
Vicente Rocafuerte 1835–1839 First Ecuadorian-born president. Promoted public education, moralized public finances, and enforced laws strictly.
Gabriel García Moreno 1861–1875 Conservative, religious, and authoritarian regime. Made primary education free and compulsory, founded EPN, built Quito-Guayaquil highway, drafted Black Charter (1869). Assassinated August 6, 1875.